I've posted these before, but it's always good to get a
refresher on these myths.
10. A run-on sentence is a really long sentence
Wrong! They
can actually be quite short. In a run-on sentence, independent clauses are
squished together without the help of punctuation or a conjunction. If you
write “I am short he is tall,” as one sentence without a semicolon,
colon,
or dash
between the two independent clauses, it's a run-on sentence even though it has
only six words. (See episode 655 [text,
audio] for
more details.)
9. You shouldn't start a sentence with the word 'however'
Wrong! It's
fine to start a sentence with “however” so long as you use a comma
after it when it means "nevertheless." (See episode
354 for more details.)
8. 'Irregardless' is not a word
Wrong! “Irregardless”
is a bad word and a word you shouldn't use, but it is a word. “Floogetyflop”
isn't a word—I just made it up and you have no idea what it means. “Irregardless,”
on the other hand, is in almost every dictionary labeled as nonstandard. You
shouldn't use it if you want to be taken seriously, but it has gained wide
enough use to qualify as a word. (See episode
600 for more details.)
7. There is only one way to write the possessive form of a word that
ends in S
Wrong! It's a style
choice. For example, in the phrase “Kansas's statute,” you can put just an
apostrophe at the end of “Kansas” (that's AP style) or you can put an
apostrophe S at the end of “Kansas” (that's Chicago style). Both ways are
acceptable. (See episode
713 for more details.)
6. Passive voice is always wrong
Wrong! In
passive voice, the subject of the sentence isn’t the person or the thing taking
the action. In fact, in a passive voice sentence, the actor is often completely
left out of the sentence. An example is "Mistakes were made," because
it doesn't say who made the
mistakes. Your writing is often stronger if you make your passive sentences
active, but if you don't know who is responsible for an action, passive voice
can be the best choice. (See episode
302 for more details.)
Almost
everyone believes at least one of these myths.
5. 'I.e.' and 'e.g.' mean the same thing
Wrong! “E.g.”
means "for example," and “i.e.” means roughly "in other
words." You use “e.g.” to provide a list of incomplete examples, and you
use “i.e.” to provide a complete clarifying list or statement. (See episode
539 for more details.)
4. You use 'a' before words that start with consonants and 'an' before
words that start with vowels
Wrong! You use
“a” before words that start with consonant sounds and “an” before words that
start with vowel sounds. So, you'd write that someone has "an MBA"
instead of "a MBA," because even though “MBA” starts with M, which is
a consonant, it starts with the sound of the vowel E—MBA. (See episode 261 for
more details [text,
audio].)
3. It's incorrect to answer the question 'How are you?' with the
statement 'I'm good'
Wrong! You
probably learned that verbs need to be modified by adverbs (such as “well”),
but “good” isn’t modifying “am” in the sentence “I am good.” Instead, “good” is
acting as the subject complement and modifying the pronoun “I.” It's also
fine to answer "I'm well," but some grammarians believe "I'm
well" should be used to talk about your health and not your general
disposition. (See episode
586 for more details that use "bad" and "badly" as
examples.)
2. You shouldn't split infinitives
Wrong! Nearly
all grammarians want to boldly tell you it's OK to split infinitives. An
infinitive is a verb form that is usually made up of the word “to” followed by
a verb. An example is "to tell." In a split infinitive, another word
separates the two parts of the verb. "To boldly tell" is a split
infinitive because “boldly” separates “to” from “tell.” (See episode
454 for more details.)
1. You shouldn't end a sentence with a preposition
Wrong! You
shouldn't end a sentence with a preposition when the sentence would mean the
same thing if you left off the preposition. That means "Where are you
at?" is wrong (or at least annoying) because "Where are you?"
means the same thing. But there are many sentences where the final preposition
is part of a phrasal verb or is necessary to keep from making stuffy, stilted
sentences: “I'm going to throw up,” “Let's kiss and make up,” and “What are you
waiting for” are just a few examples. (See episode
800 for more details.)
You can find
more information about each of these myths in the Grammar
Girl archives.